The eurussia centre is an independent information and expertise resource, headed by the german politician wolfgang clement. International law aspects of eu russia energy relations an analysis with special reference to the provisional application of the energy charter treaty by russia questions related to energy issues in the relationship between the eu and russia are often discussed from a political science perspective. The commission is preparing a classified report to congress on these and other topics. Russia s crude oil exports to china more than quintupled between 2008 and 2017, with the country displacing saudi arabia as chinas top crude supplier in 2016. In export structure of basic commodities of russian federation it has accounted for 58,9% on fuel and energy resources. Russia s energy superpower status became a hot topic in the european union in 2006. Managing the challenge of russian energy policies csis. Russia is europes third biggest trade partner and russian supplies of oil and gas assemble a large percentage of its export to europe.
The importance of good relations between russia and the west, and particularly. Nov 05, 2007 russia is consolidating its grip on oil and gasthe economic lifeblood of europe. The official energy dialogue between the eu and russia has been suspended, with the exception of the trilateral talks between russia. Russia subsequently abandoned the project and is now negotiating an alternative route via turkey, while slovakia has proposed the eastring pipeline as an alternative supply route for southeast europe.
Alongside the reorientation of the countrys energy strategy, which is still under discussion, ing the reduc cost of energy imports has become a matter of political urgency. Russian energy policy toward neighboring countries every crs. Nuclear energy while eu russia energy relations are essentially about fossil fuels, russia is also a major nuclear energy player, supplying 18% of the eus mined uranium. Problems, progress, and prospects london and new york. Jul 26, 2017 russian energy sanctions bill puts another crack in strained useurope relations published wed, jul 26 2017 9. However, syria is not one of the most influential or richest nations of the region. Electricity sector in russia is the main article of electricity in russia primary energy use in 2009 in russia was 7,524 twh and 53 twh per million persons. The russian fuel and energy complex could face severe restrictions on external demand for energy resources at prices acceptable to russia, resulting in additional risks for russia s energy sector and economy. Energy security has been a central concern of us foreign policy at least since the oil crisis of 1973. Russia similarly has importance for europe, as the eu s third largest foreign trade partner in terms of both imports 5. Secretary of state pick may renew us russia energy relations. This is rather surprising, given the increasingly important place of hydrocarbons in russian economic development, and the equally prominent role of energy in the us economy and in us foreign policy. Russia takes part in the international project on innovative nuclear reactors and fuel cycles inpro.
Russian cooperative energy relations with european partnercostumers will catch the level of complexity of russian decisionmaking which an analysis of strictly bilateral dispute will not render. Finland, the czech republic, slovakia, hungary and bulgaria have russian built nuclear power stations, and. Implications for europe and for transatlantic cooperation, in russian energy power and foreign relations, eds. Eurussia energy relations the web site cannot be found.
Cameron, eu russia centre eu russia relations in the energy field. Russia has identified natural gas as a key strategic asset, and since 20 july 2006 gazprom has had the exclusive right to export natural gas. Russian energy sanctions bill puts another crack in strained. Impact of shifts in arms trade and exercises on south asia and europe 85 11. Three key points in the russiaeu energy relationship since the cold war include the iraq war. Russian energy sanctions bill puts another crack in strained useurope relations published wed, jul 26 2017 9. The baseline scenarios assumptions on gdp and population have changed. Primary energy use in 2009 in russia was 7,524 twh and 53 twh per million persons. Energy dependency can appear in multiple forms including financial, technology or fuel dependence in the nuclear and fossil sectors, acquisition and ownership of strategic energy infrastructure as well as investments in energy projects by russia in the eu, in particular the baltic and the centraleastern member states. Energy vulnerability and eu russia energy relations article pdf available in journal of contemporary european research 52 august 2009 with reads how we measure reads. The chinarussia energy relationship is more robust than it has been at any other time over the past decade. In this context, the eu russia energy dialogue is still very young, being established at the sixth eu russia summit in. Recent energy cooperation in northeast asia, geopolitics.
Russia s main interest is to destroy european unity. The preparation process that during the 1990s started to build the groundwork for bilateral energy cooperation continued until the first half of the 2000s, but sinorussian oil and gas cooperation during those periods produced very few concrete results. Russia as a close neighbour and the foremost external energy resources supplier to the eu, was therefore the natural choice for an initiative to strengthen energy relations, much as it was a natural choice in 1999 for the first of the eus socalled common strategies under the then newlyratified amsterdam treaty. Dec 23, 20 germanys primary focus remains managing the eurozone crisis, but berlin is also trying to ensure that it maintains a close working relationship with russia. Moscow is pursuing a comprehensive strategy that could increase europes political and economic dependence on. Europes strategic dependence on russian energy the. Manning in russias official foreign policy doctrine, published in june 2000, there is not a single reference to oil and gas. Energy issues are at the heart of russia s uneasy relations with its neighbors, including the baltic countries, poland, ukraine, and georgia. Hong kong relations, chinas ambitions in space, and u. Playing chess with the dragon executive summary james henderson and tatiana mitrova august 2016 russias relationship with china has a long and complex history, catalysed by the lengthy border between the two countries, the complementarity of their economies and the ambitions of both to be. Current stay of play in eurussian energy relations by c.
Russian energy policy and its challenge to western policy. Energy relationship between russia and the united states. A good example of the politicization of these relations is the russian german gas pipeline deal. However, as it will be discussed below, overreliance on exported fossil. A common russiaeu energy space the new eurussia partnership agreement, acquis. August 2016 energy relations between russia and china. In fact, energy has been a cornerstone of our economic relations with russia. Our energy relations with russia present both a challenge and a real opportunity. The european union eu predicts a significant increase in the amount of energy it will have to import. Alexander gusev and kirsten westphal russian energy policies. Russias net co 2 emissions from energy use grew by 4. The objective of inpro is to support the safe, sustainable, economic and proliferation resistant use of nuclear technology to meet the global energy needs of the 21st century. Scarlett to the department of history in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in the field of history northeastern university boston, massachusetts march, 20.
The energy sector is a key aspect of russian foreign policy and a strategic pillar of its policy towards europe. International business intb chinarussia energy relationship is more robust than it has been at any other time over the past decade. During the last decade, russia has wanted to develop its relations with saudi arabia, the gulf states, yemen, jordan, lebanon and the nonarab countries of the middle east such as israel, turkey and iran. Russian energy policy toward neighboring countries congressional research service summary russian oil and natural gas industries have become key players in the global energy market, particularly in europe and eurasia. But the deals that russia has been pursuing are not solely designed to create a more favorable investment climate in its energy industry and open its economy to reforms. Russian and chinese military spending, 19882015 86 figure 11. China russia energy relations have improved dramatically.
In the mid2000s, the bilateral energy relationship was one of enormous unfulfilled potential as a result of the lack of infrastructure necessary. Relations with european partners will thus be considered as an enablingdisabling factor. Russias energy strategy to 2035 es2035 enters, finally, the home stretch. View eu russia energy relations research papers on academia. Energy intensity the amount of energy required per unit of gdp increased by 1. Other than that, due to reason of new type of russian foreign policy. Nuclear energy while eu russia energy relations are essentially about fossil fuels, russia is also a major nuclear energy.
Energy demand in emerging economies is increasing rapidly, particularly in china and india. Russian companies are engaged in several power plant and oil and gas projects in. European access to nonrussian gas and oil from the caspian and central asian. Nov 23, 2009 gazproms pitch to increase its stake in vng, germanys third largest gas importer, is only the latest sign of the two countries improving relationship. Alexander gusev and kirsten westphal russian energy. Recognising the sovereign policy decisions of the eu and its member states and of the russian federation, the roadmap should be forwardlooking and make recommendations for a series of steps to enhance eurussia energy cooperation over the coming decades. Chang is a senior fellow in fpris program on national security as well as its asia program. Eu russia energy relations is russia a reliable partner. If admittedly a rather big if european leaders are willing and able to.
Pdf energy vulnerability and eurussia energy relations. Russia has regained the prominence pdf in global energy markets it enjoyed in the 1970s and 1980s when the soviet union, not saudi arabia, was the worlds preeminent oil producer. It is a pleasure for me to be here today to discuss the eu energy relations with the russian federation. Based on the results of 2017 the share of fuelandpower sector in gross domestic product accounts for 22,6 %, fiscal revenues for 40%. India russia relations relations with russia are a key pillar of indias foreign policy and russia has been a longstanding timetested partner of india. Energy in russia describes energy and electricity production, consumption and export from russia. Russia similarly has importance for europe, as the eu s third largest foreign trade partner in. Energy relations have become an issue of high politics. Eu energy policy shall not affect a member states right to determine the conditions for exploiting its energy resources, its choice between different energy sources and the general structure of its energy supplyarticle 1942 tfeu. Challenges for the eu current russian energy policy is based on the conception of oil and gas resources as strategic goods. Although china and russia appear to be natural energy partners, energy ties between the two countries are relatively modest.
Pdf this thesis contributes to the field of energy security as it relates to russia. Nappert the russoukrainian gas dispute of january 2009. Electricity sector in russia is the main article of electricity in russia. Managing the challenge of russian energy policies aws. Russia energy digital energy news, magazine and website.
However, despite the fact that russia is the worlds leading source of natural gas and second only to saudi arabia in oil production, the us has viewed russian. Energy intensity the relationship between gdp and amount of energy used is three times greater in russia than in the eu and twice that of the united states light et al. Playing chess with the dragon introduction russias relationship with china has a long and complex history, catalysed by the lengthy border between the two countries, the complementarity of their economies and the ambitions of both to be seen as key global geopolitical actors. Playing chess with the dragon introduction russia s relationship with china has a long and complex history, catalysed by the lengthy border between the two countries, the complementarity of their economies and the ambitions of both to be seen as key global geopolitical actors. Strategic manipulation and russias energy statecraft in eurasia albany, ny. There is also progress in russian japanese relations in the field. The institut francais des relations internationales ifri is a research center.
Geopolitics of china russia energy relations by felix k. In 2000, the russian government approved the main provisions of the russian energy strategy to 2020, with the new russian energy strategy being confirmed by the government in 2003. Energy issues are at the heart of russias uneasy relations. Sinorussian energy relations during the last two decades have witnessed many ups and downs.
Last year, this information was widely used in the reports. Russian energy relations with germany and the eu under revision the eurussian bilateral energy relationship has been influenced by the geopolitical crisis in and around ukraine since 2014. Wellestablished energy trading relations between russia and the western part of europe can be dated back over centuries, while the first imports of russian ussr gas by pipeline to austria occurred back in 1968. Russian energy policies revisited assessing the impact of the. Another trend has been the concentration of these industries in the hands of the russian government.
Another trend has been the concentration of these industries in the hands of the russian. Geopolitics of chinarussia energy relations by felix k. This statement is based on erica downs, china russia energy relations. Russia s large reserves of natural gas have helped give it the title without much debate. Natural gas, oil and electricity on the future agenda of eurussia energy relations. Today, russia adheres to a rather securitized, and simultaneously highly politicized, approach to energy policy. Energy policy of russia describes the energy policy in the politics of russia more in detail. He was previously a consultant in booz allen hamiltons strategy and organization practice. The commission also received briefings by foreign diplomatic and military officials as well as u.
As you know, energy plays a pivotal role in our relations with russia, and russia plays an important role in our energy policy. Russia is the main supplier of oil, gas and coal to the european union. Energy vulnerability and eurussia energy relations article pdf available in journal of contemporary european research 52 august 2009 with reads how we measure reads. Maoist politics, global narratives, and the imagination of the world a dissertation presented by zachary a.
Eurussia relations are in desperate need of legislative and institutional reform given the fragmented legal infrastructure regulating energy trade between these two powers. This entails a reliance on the direct influence of state actors rather than on market forces to regulate their extraction and distribution. Russian policy significantly shifted in putins third term as president, where limits and restraint no longer apply. Russian energy policy and the art of geoeconomics by ioannis. The energy policy of the russian federation is contained in an energy strategy document, which sets out policy for the period up to 2020. The energy strategy outlines several key priorities. Russia s energy policy which is set out in the governments energy strategy document, first approved in 2000, which sets out the governments policy to 2020. Russia in march 2014 and the military destabilisation in eastern ukraine have resulted in a securitisation of energy relations. Eurussia energy relations research papers academia. Reconsidering eurussia energy relations a basis for a new. Mar 24, 2015 it is a pleasure for me to be here today to discuss the eu energy relations with the russian federation. Russian energy exports to nea stage 1 the year 2009 saw remarkable developments in russia nea relations regarding both oil and gas. Russias energy disputes council on foreign relations.
Russian energy sanctions bill puts another crack in. Energy policy of russia crucial importance of energy sector for russian economic development 30% of gdp 65% of export 50% of budget revenues russia energy strategy till 2030. Brussels a conference on the eurussia energy relations organised by the eurussia centre and chaired by the president of the emi pat cox was held on the 10th of february 2009. Russia, energy and the west amy myers jaffe and robert a. For vladimir putin, russia s role in the global energy market largely determines its geopolitical influence. International law aspects of eurussia energy relations. Russias return to the middle east 9 nicu popescu and stanislav secrieru russia s regional perspective in mena the soviet union in the middle east. Russian energy policy and the art of geoeconomics by ioannis alexandris in the present article we will examine the way russia, under putin, uses energy as a tool of statecraft and foreign policy. Nevertheless, the sino russian energy 2 russia, china and the geopolitics of energy in central asia.